4. Some Applications to Education. Why does a savage group perpetuate savagery and a civilized group civilization? Doubtless, the first answer to occur to mind is that savages are savages; being of low-grade intelligence and perhaps defective moral sense. But the careful study has made it doubtful whether their native capacities are appreciably…[Read more]

3. Imitation and Social Psychology. We have already noted the defects of a psychology of learning which places the individual mind naked, as it were, in contact with physical objects, and which believes that knowledge, ideas, and beliefs accrue from their interaction. Only comparatively recently has the predominating influence of association with…[Read more]

2. These methods of control are so obvious (because so intentionally employed) that it would hardly be worthwhile to mention them if it were not that notice may now be taken, by way of contrast, of the other more important and permanent mode of control. This other method resides in the ways in which persons, with whom the immature being is…[Read more]